A team of researchers based in Hamilton has provided insights into the issue of soot deposition in neighborhoods near the city’s industrial zone. This problem, which has been a persistent concern for residents over the years, resurfaced in early July with what some described as the most significant fallout in recent times.
Sarah Styler, an associate professor specializing in environmental chemistry at McMaster University, and Grace Yao, a PhD candidate under Styler’s supervision, are involved in a study titled “What’s the Grime?” aimed at addressing this matter. Conducted in 2024 and 2025 with the help of volunteers collecting samples across the city, the research revealed that the soot contains hazardous substances consistent with coal burning. Additionally, elevated levels of dust and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were detected in proximity to the industrial area in northeast Hamilton.
Collaborating with Environment Hamilton on this project, Styler secured a $15,000 grant from the university in 2024. Both Styler, residing in east Hamilton, and Yao, based in Corktown, have personal encounters with the soot issue. Styler emphasized the long-standing nature of the problem, citing references to soot in historical news archives dating back to at least the 1950s.
The study involved the use of sampling kits distributed to 50 volunteers in various city locations to collect soot samples, which were analyzed periodically. Styler highlighted the concentration of dust and toxic compounds being higher closer to the industrial sector.
The research team’s findings, indicating the industrial origin of the soot, align with the experiences of residents in affected neighborhoods. Styler noted that while the results may seem evident to those directly impacted, there has been frustration over the lack of information from official channels.
An update from the team posted on the Environment Hamilton website highlighted the variation in PAH levels between seasons, with higher concentrations observed in winter. Styler emphasized that the study’s focus on PAHs does not exclude the presence of other harmful substances in the soot.
The researchers plan to expand their study to include more participants and investigate additional compounds present in the soot. They will also explore effective cleaning methods as part of their ongoing efforts to address this environmental concern.